About the Temple & Location:
This Divyadesam is situated in a small village which is found next to Ernakulam in Kerala state. It is close to Idappalli. when going in train, we have to get down in Irugnalakkodi railway station, which is on the railway lane between Aalvaai and Thirucchoor and if we get down in Angamaali railway station, we can reach this sthalam by travelling about 9 miles through North east direction. There is no lodging facility. So, bhaktas can stay in Ernakulam to get the seva of the perumal.
Thrikkakara Vamanamoorthy Temple (also referred as Thirukatkarai Vamanamoorthy ) is one of the few Hindu temples in India dedicated to Lord Vamana/Vishnu. It is situated in Thrikkakara, Kochi in the state of Kerala, India. Located around 10 km north-east of the city center between Thrissur-Ernakulam highway (NH 47), Seaport-Airport Road, Cochin University of Science and Technology and Model Engineering College, it is a centre of celebrations and a place of origin for the popular Onam festival. The temple is around two millennia old and is also listed as one of the 108 Divya Desams (divine places).
The main temple festival is during the Onam season, which falls in the month of August or September and is the most important event of the religious calendar here. The Onasadya or the Onam feast is held in a grand manner in the temple with people of various religions participating in it. After East India Company and Marthandavarma illegally annexed the territory from Kingdom of Kochi, the Onam festival was jointly organized by the 61 Naduvazhis (local rulers) under the leadership of the Maharaja of Travancore, till India regained independence. Communal harmony continues to be the hallmark of the celebrations, with people belonging to different religions turning out in large numbers for the Sadya in keeping with the spirit of the festival. Apart from Onam, the temple also observes important festivals in the Hindu calendar such as Vishu, Makara Sankranti, Navarathri and Saraswati Puja.
The temple complex, which is enclosed in a large area with picturesque surroundings, holds the main sanctum dedicated to Lord Vamana. The sanctum sanctorum of the main shrine houses the idol of Vishnu. The idol is in the form of Lord Vamana preparing to place his foot on the Brahmin Asura King Mahabali. Lord Parashurama is said to have established the temple. The temple also houses records containing the earliest mention of the celebration of the Onam festival dating to 861 Common Era. The temple is under the administration of the Travancore Devaswom Board.
The sub-deities of Vamana temple are Bhagavati, Sasthavu, Gopalakrishna, Nāga, Brahmarakshasa and Yakshi. The Brahmarakshas shrine is located in the outer complex, along with a Banyan-tree god (ആൽദേവത) and the Sarpa Kavu. Surrounding the inner complex walls is a series of thousands of lamps called Chuttuvilakku which translates to 'surrounding lamps'. There are two ponds associated with the temple, one is the Kapilatheertham located closer to the temple on the Northern side of the sanctum sanctorum, and is accessible only to priests. The other pond is located on the Northern side outside the temple walls, and is used regularly during the Aaraattu ceremonial bath of the idol during Onam celebrations.
There is also a Shiva temple beside the main Vamanamoorthy temple, which was renovated in 2014. It houses idols of the deities Shiva, Ganesha, Karthikeya and Durga. Not much is known about the age and origin of the Shiva temple except that it underwent renovation around a hundred years ago.
Apart from the shrines and ponds, the temple complex houses three stages or halls for cultural performances called Naimishaaranyam, and a temple auditorium at the South-west corner. The auditorium is regularly used for weddings and meetings, and for conducting the Onam feast during the festival.
Legend
The Bhagavata Purana describes that Vishnu descended as the Vamana avatharam to restore the authority of Indra over the heavens, as it had been taken by Bali, a benevolent Asura King. Bali was the grandson of Prahlada, the son of Virochana. King Bali was generous, and engaged in severe austerities and penance and won the praise of the world. With the praise from his courtiers and others, he regarded himself as the all-powerful in the world.
Vamana, in the guise of a short Brahmin carrying a palm leaf umbrella, went to the king to request three paces of land. Bali consented, against the warning of his guru, Sukracharya. Vamanan then revealed his identity and enlarged it to gigantic proportions to stride over the three worlds. He stepped from heaven to earth with the first step, from earth to the netherworld with the second. King Bali, unable to fulfill his promise, offered his head for the third.
Vamana then placed his foot and gave the king immortality for his humility. Upon worshiping Mahabali and his ancestor Prahláda, he conceded sovereignty of Rasatala. Some texts also report that Vamana did not step into the Rasatala, and instead gave its rule to Bali and granting him the boon to become the next Indra. In giant form, Vamana is known as Trivikrama. The legend is associated with the temple and also with Ulagalantha Perumal Temple, Tirukoyilur and Ulagalantha Perumal Temple, Kanchipuram.
As per another legend, a rich man who owned a plantain garden, did not get much yield from it. He donated a set of plantain to the temple, after which it started yielding as golden plantains. The groove came to be known as Nentiram Palam. The ruling king became suspicious of the change that it was his wealth in the garden and tortured a sage. The sage cursed the king. The king was afraid and in redemption, he consulted a group of sages. They suggested a thatch of bamboo and created a light with "Koraipul", a grass which helped him redeemed from the curse.
Onam festival
Thrikkakara temple is considered to be a centre of Onam celebrations, as Thrikkakara is considered to have been the abode of the King Mahabali. The celebration of the Onam festival is the main event in the temple. The festival is celebrated over a period of ten days in the Malayalam month of Chingam. The temple houses the main deity Lord Vamana. During the Onam celebration period, a pyramidal statue idolising Maveli and Vamanan is installed as a symbol of honour at all other sites of the celebration, and named Thrikkakara-appan. The temple is the site at which the king Mahabali is said to have been sent to the netherworld Patala by Vamana with his foot, hence marking the genesis of the Onam festival. The etymology of the name Thrikkakara ('Thiru-kaal-kara' meaning 'place of the holy foot') is also derived this way. Some features of the Onam festival at Thrikkakara are
Flag-hoisting and lowering: The temple festival begins on the first day (Atham) with the Kodiyettu (കൊടിയേറ്റ്) ceremony, which is a flag-hoisting ceremony common in festivals in temples in Kerala. The festival ends on the 10th and final day, which starts off with a symbolic welcome of the Asura king Mahabali. The closing of the festival is marked with the lowering of the flag and bathing of the idol, referred to as Aarattu (ആറാട്ട്).
Atthachamayam procession and finale: The festival is flagged off all over Kerala by a grand procession beginning at Tripunithura near Kochi called Athachamayam (അത്തച്ചമയം). In olden days, the Kochi Maharaja would head a grand military procession in full ceremonial robes from his palace to the Thrikkakara temple.
Onam feast: A highlight of the festival is the grand banquet, or Sadya, held on the last two days of the festival at the temple campus. The feast has grown significantly in magnitude each year, and is currently attended by more than twenty thousand people. People belonging to different faiths and religions turn out in large numbers for the sadya in keeping with the spirit of the festival.
Decoration of idol: The Chaarthu (ചാർത്ത്) is a form of decoration of the Vamana idol using mainly sandalwood paste, ornaments and clothing. On each day, the idol is decorated in the form of one of the Ten Avatars of Vishnu, including the Matsya (fish), Kurma (Tortoise), Varaha (boar), Narasimha (half-man half-lion), Vamana, Parashurama, Rama, Balarama, Krishna, Kalki and Trivikrama (another form of Vamana).
Processions: The Pakalpooram (പകൽപൂരം) is a grand procession held on the penultimate (9th) day of the celebrations. A similar procession, called Seeveli (ശീവേലി), is also held on the final day. The procession involves leading the main deity Vamana on a ceremonial elephant around the temple campus, along with a group of about eight caparisoned elephants and accompanying Panchavadyam. The procession pauses at each of the gates of the temple (East, West, North and South), and proceeds to return the idol back to its inner sanctum. The procession is similar to the one held in festivities at the Guruvayur temple.
Sthlapuranam :
This sthala Emperumaan, Kaatkarai Appan is worshipped by the people treating him as the Amsam of Vaamanar. They take a very big utsavam for this perumal during the Onam festival.
Kerala is famous for Bananas and especially for a particular typed by named “Nenthiram”. This banana has a closer relationship with this sthala perumal. Once, a bhaktar (devotee) of the perumal, had a big land where the banana trees are planted. But, it doesn’t give him any yield and doesn’t give him any bananas. The devotee at that felt, that it might be some wrong thing he might have done and as a result of this only, the trees are not giving him the proper yield. So, he decided, the sight of the perumal fell on banana trees and from that time, it gave him lots of yield. Seen by the Kaatkarai appan’s Nethira eyes, the yield was very high and because of this, the bananas are named as “Nethiram Pazham”.
The Golden bananas which are dedicated towards Kaatkarai appan lost one day and the king on hearing this, blamed for the lost on a Yogi, who doesn’t know anything about it. He punished the yogi and treated him badly. But, the golden bananas were found inside the Garbhagriham of Moolavar sannadhi. On knowing this, the Yogi got angry and gave the sabham for the time, since he was caught as the thief only because of the time and after giving the sabham, he suicided and dead. But, his soul doesnt leave the world but it turned into a Brahma Raatshasan and roamed in the world.
To get out of the Sabham, as suggested by himself (the Yogi who is in the form of the Raatshasan), constructed a bamboo roof and destroyed it using the fire in this sthalam and thereby from the bright fire that comes out from the bamboo would ride away the sabham of the Yogi. After this, they all did the same thing suggested by the Yogi to rid away the curse known as sabham. As a result of this, a small temple was constructed for the Yogi and daily poojas are done to make him cool. This is one of the purana (older) history told about this sthalam.
Kaatkarai Appan gave his prathyaksham for Kapila munivar. Kapila munivar was born as as the son for Karthama Prasapathi and Devabhoothi and he is said to be the amsam of Vishnu. He explained the Gnana thathuvam for his mother itself. He was given space to do his daily Tapas by the Sea Lord known as Samuthira rajan.
Once, Indiran grabbed the horse of Sakaraas and tied the horse behind the hut of Kapila muni. Thinking that Kapila muni has made a theft of taking the horse towards himself, the Sakaraas blammed upon Kapila muni. But, on hearing the blaming words from them, he got angry and made them into ash by his firing vision.
After this, Bakeerathan, got the Ganga water from Lord Shiva and poured on the ash of Sakaraas to make them to get the mukthi. Having this kind of greatness person is Kapila muni, who was given the prathyaksham of the perumal.
Moolavar:
The Moolavar of this sthalam is Kaatkarai Appan. Moolavar is in Nindra Kolam facing his thirumugham along the south direction. Prathyaksham for Kapila munivar.
Thayaar
The Thaayar found in this sthalam is Perunselva Naayaki. Also called as “Vaathsalya valli”.
Mangalasasanam:
Nammalwar – 10 Paasurams.
Total 10.
Pushkarani:
Kapila Theertham.
Vimanam:
Pushkala Vimaanam.
